CHAMPAIGN, Ill.?As the weather shifts and leaves start to turn color, you may think that your trees are going to sleep and can take care of themselves until spring. But, there's actually a lot you can do for them now to make their transition into winter a smoother one.
"While your trees seem to be in a state of hibernation in the winter, exposure to the tough conditions can cause them major stress," says Jim Skiera, Executive Director of the International Society of Arboriculture (ISA). "Minimize stress by helping your trees through the cold months, a little at a time. If you take care of your trees in the winter, you'll be rewarded in the spring."
So, here are two small ways to make a big difference for your trees this fall:
Fertilizing
At times, it can be hard to determine if fertilization is necessary. A homeowner's goal for fertilization should always be to supply nutrients determined to be lacking to achieve the best health for their trees without over fertilizing. An ISA Certified Arborist may be needed to help clarify reasons for a tree's failure to thrive. However, basic guidelines for fertilization include :
· Overcome a visible nutrient deficiency
· Eliminate a deficiency that an ISA Certified Arborist detected through soil or leaf analysis
· Increase vegetative growth, flowering, or fruiting of trees
· Increase the vitality of the tree
Take note, however, that when a tree is not thriving, or is showing signs of stress, fertilization may not always be the answer. Fertilizing a tree may not be necessary when:
· An ISA Certified Arborist has determined that there are sufficient levels of all essential elements, and that growth rate and condition of the tree are acceptable
· Potential pest problems have been detected
· Herbicide may be causing residual damage to the plant
Some pest problems can be made worse with fertilizers. Additional nutrients can increase pest populations or reduce the tree's ability to fight off the stress caused by pests. Correct diagnosis requires a careful examination of the situation. Treatment depends on many specific factors. Responsible arborists practice "prescription fertilization" by only adding what is needed to reach your tree health objectives. Over fertilization can be a source of ground pollution and effect nearby water sources.
Mulching
Urban landscapes are typically harsh environments with poor soil conditions, little organic matter, and big fluctuations in temperature and moisture?all "unfriendly" growing situations for trees. A two to four inch layer of organic mulch can mimic a more natural environment for trees and improve overall plant health.
To ensure the health of your trees and plants, follow these practical mulching tips to landscape like the pros:
· For well-drained sites, apply a two to four inch layer of mulch. If drainage problems exist, use a thinner layer.
· If mulch is already present, check the depth. Do not add mulch if there is already a sufficient layer (2 to 4 inches) in place. Instead, rake the old mulch to break up any matted layers and refresh the appearance.
· Avoid placing mulch against the tree trunks.
· If mulch is already piled against the stems or tree trunks, pull it back several inches so that the base of the trunk and the root crown are exposed.
· Mulch out to the tree's drip line or beyond if possible.
· Most commonly available mulches work well in most landscapes. Be mindful of the fact that some plants may benefit from the use of a slightly acidifying mulch such as pine bark.
· Organic mulches are preferable for their soil-enhancing properties. Be sure it is well aerated and composted to avoid sour-smelling mulch.
· Avoid using uncomposted wood chips that have been piled deeply without exposure to oxygen. Use composted wood chips instead, especially when they contain a blend of leaves, bark, and wood.
When you care for your trees, they will reward you for years to come. For more information on tree care, visit
www.treesaregood.org.
